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乌克兰高端IT人才，为低成本军用无人机造了一个AI“黑马”,看航空,乌克兰高端IT人才，为低成本军用无人机造了一个AI“黑马”_我的网站

一 | 此前的早读文章中，我们曾介绍了当前俄乌战场上双方“AI无人机”在软硬件上的特点：从全球市场选择商用“AI硬件”，使用开源软件进行二次开发。这样一来，能够在干扰环境下完成任务的自杀式无人机和无人机截击机就不再是“稀有”武器，而成为了低成本的战场消耗品。在针对俄罗斯“天竺葵”无人机的拦截任务中，乌克兰广泛使用了野黄蜂公司的“毒刺”无人机。最新消息称，野黄蜂公司正在考虑为该产品引入AI技术。

二 | 01 AI技术加持下的“一次性”战场消耗品 据报道，俄罗斯和乌克兰在这类“一次性”战场消耗品的制造上秉持“能省则省”的原则，尽可能降低制造成本。 Rajinikanth was the centre of attention at the closing ceremony of the fifty sixth International Film Festival of India in Goa, where the iconic star was presented with a prestigious lifetime achievement award commemorating his extraordinary five-decade journey in Indian cinema. The seventy-four-year-old arrived with his family, including his wife Latha and daughters Aishwarya and Soundarya, and was welcomed by a packed auditorium that rose to its feet the moment he stepped on stage.Rajinikanth Commands The IFFI Stage With Grace And GratitudeGoa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant presented Rajinikanth with a ceremonial shawl and a gleaming memento as a tribute to his influence across generations. The moment was marked by loud applause, cameras flashing from every corner, and the unmistakable energy that only follows a figure who has shaped the cinematic imagination of millions. Rajinikanth, visibly moved, offered a heartfelt address that captured the humility which has always anchored his superstardom. View this post on Instagram A post shared by IFFI (@iffigoa) Looking back on his career, the actor remarked that the decades felt like a brief chapter because of his unending passion for performing. He expressed deep affection for the audience that has championed him from the beginning, stating that even with a hundred births he would choose to return as an actor and as Rajinikanth. He dedicated the honour to the larger film community that supported him and to the Tamil people whom he called the divine force that has sustained him through every stage of his life.He received a thunderous standing ovation from the entire hall, a reminder that his influence extends far beyond the screen. The ceremony also featured the presence of Dr L Murugan, Minister of State for Information and Broadcasting, Secretary Sanjay Jaju, and actor Ranveer Singh who joined him on stage to celebrate the milestone.A Superstar With Plenty More To OfferEven as the industry reflects on his fifty-year journey, Rajinikanth is already deep into his next slate of films. His upcoming project Jailer 2 has created ripples across the South Indian film landscape, with Nelson Dilipkumar returning to direct the follow up to the massive 2023 hit. Rajinikanth will reprise his role as Tiger Muthuvel Pandian, with Ramya Krishnan once again appearing as his partner on screen. Shivarajkumar, who made a crowd-pleasing entry in the first part, has confirmed his involvement in the sequel.The sequel is expected to expand its scale with a powerhouse ensemble. Industry chatter suggests that Nandamuri Balakrishna, Suraj Venjaramoodu, Vidya Balan and Mithun Chakraborty are being considered for pivotal roles, which hints at a multi-regional canvas designed to elevate the franchise into an even bigger spectacle. Music composer Anirudh Ravichander is reportedly in talks to return, adding further excitement among fans of the first film’s chart-topping album. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Soundarya Rajinikanth (@soundaryaarajinikant) Beyond Jailer 2, preparations continue for Rajinikanth’s next standalone feature, tentatively referred to as Thalaivar 173. The project recently witnessed a shift as Sundar C stepped away, prompting producer Kamal Haasan and his Raaj Kamal Films International team to initiate discussions with a fresh lineup of filmmakers. The collaboration between two of Tamil cinema’s biggest icons has already ignited curiosity, with the announcement of a new director expected soon.Rajinikanth was most recently seen in Vettaiyan, a film that extended his winning streak at the box office and reaffirmed his position as an audience magnet across age groups. His continued popularity, coupled with the packed calendar ahead of him, suggests that the star’s creative fire remains undimmed.For an actor who began as a bus conductor before entering films with K Balachander’s mentorship, the journey has been nothing short of mythic. The honour at IFFI serves not only as acknowledgment of past achievements but also as a celebration of an artist who continues to reinvent himself while staying true to his roots.Also Read: Virat Kohli And Anushka Sharma Play Pickleball With RCB Squad。比如，乌克兰报道称，俄罗斯最便宜且具备一定自主作战能力的自杀式无人机“闪电”-2，框架结构是铝合金管材，机翼则由胶合板和泡沫材料制作而成，机体上能看到塑料、木材和3D打印制造的、价格低廉的结构件。与之类似的是乌克兰的FP-1无人机，其飞控系统、任务计算机所在的电子设备舱由“三合板”制成。 “闪电”-2可携带10千克重的战斗部，射程50千米，由俄罗斯亚特兰特航空（Atlant Aero）公司生产，而使用塑料、木材等材质也让它的雷达信号特征更低，更不易被雷达探测到。乌克兰在对俄罗斯的袭击中，大量使用了FP-1型无人机，其设备舱就是一个胶合板钉起来的盒子。尽管俄乌战场上的初代“AI无人机”也存在一系列问题，但相关技术问题正在得到解决。当开源软件+商用硬件成为行业公开“秘密”，技术门槛大为降低后，一批专注该领域的乌克兰企业就涌现了出来。

三 | 这当中具备代表性的是诺达动力（NORDA Dynamics）公司和第四定律（Fourth Law）公司。一些国际媒体报道称，这两家的产品已装备到数十支前线部队，并在数万次作战行动中使用。根据路透社、福布斯网站等媒体报道，第二代“AI无人机”已经在2025年年底开始在俄乌战场上大量使用。 02 从IT外包业务到打造无人机“AI模块” 成立于2024年的诺达动力公司，创始人是纳扎尔·比贡（Nazar Bigun）。根据其领英界面信息，如果没有这场战争，这位乌克兰顶尖公立综合大学——利沃夫国立大学老牌强系物理系的本硕连读毕业生，将继续作为资深的软件工程师在乌克兰西部IT重镇利沃夫从事IT外包业务。

四 | 但这条堪称标准的乌克兰高学历青年成长轨迹，在俄乌冲突爆发后发生了根本性的转变。俄乌冲突爆发后，纳扎尔·比贡发起了一项为乌克兰军队生产FPV无人机的志愿项目。在此过程中，他收到战场一线反馈，无人机在距离目标最后一千米时将遭遇敌方强电磁对抗压制，无人机与后方操作人员间信号断联、打击成功率不断下降。由此，纳扎尔·比贡的公司开始研发一款“AI模块”，它可加装在其他厂商的无人机上，是“一种能在没有GPS、通信链路和电子战条件下运行的无人机自主控制系统”。加装“黑马”的FPV无人机，操作人员依然可以操控FPV无人机从起飞到接近目标，在飞行末端，操作人员佩戴的FPV目镜上会放大显示建筑、车辆等重点目标，操作人员可以通过该界面确认目标，而后“黑马”接管无人机的全部控制。这款“AI模块”最终定型为该公司的旗舰产品“黑马”（Underdog）。

五 | 在2025年年底，接受《纽约时报》采访时，纳扎尔·比贡介绍了“黑马”的一个应用场景：在FPV无人机距离目标最远2千米的情况下，后方操作人员“预感”要断联前，选定打击目标（这一过程被称为“像素锁定”pixel lock），随后将无人机的飞行控制、自主攻击交由“黑马”全面接管。

六 | 03 不断进化的“黑马”，战场使用已数万 此外，纳扎尔·比贡还表示，“黑马”的AI算法经过训练、调整，也能具备对民用目标的打击能力，比如公共汽车、电力设施、客机甚至活动上演讲者所在讲台等。

七 | 诺达动力公司的“黑马”对不同无人机平台的适配能力很强，既适配FPV无人机，也可在固定翼无人机上加装。在今年7月中旬英国《每日电讯报》的报道中，纳扎尔·比贡表示，其公司已向俄乌战斗一线交付了近7万个模块，有大约200个不同的军事单位在使用。“黑马”已经成为多款自杀式无人机的末段制导手段。最近消息称，“黑马”0.8版本已经被应用在最新的乌克兰“闪电”（乌克兰语Blyskavka/Молния）-2无人机上——这标志着俄乌双方的“闪电”无人机“性能战”“价格战”再升级。

八 | 乌克兰的“闪电”，是通过对俄罗斯“闪电”（俄语Molniya/Блискавка）无人机开展“逆向工程”并进行改进而诞生的产品，改进重点是换装电子和光学元器件，并进一步降低整机成本。乌克兰（上）的“闪电”1是通过对俄罗斯“闪电”1“逆向工程”而来的无人机产品。此前有分析称，极简基础构型、不带完整任务设备和战斗部的原版“闪电”1，成本估计仅为300至400美元。 04 俄乌“闪电”无人机的“性能战”“价格战” 乌克兰媒体援引乌克兰国防部长顾问、无线电技术专家的消息称，俄罗斯“闪电”的成本估计在1600美元左右，并且它可能已经具备一定自主作战能力。此前，一架没有控制天线，只有一台摄像头和一台计算机的“闪电”-2无人机残骸在前线被发现。而根据今年6月份乌克兰UNITED24的报道，正是因为“闪电”-2成本低，目前俄军每月“发射”的“闪电”无人机多达5万架，这一数字是备受关注的“天竺葵”无人机的三四倍。闪电公司创始人在媒体采访中的发言和诺达动力官方领英账号发布的内容都显示“闪电”-2使用了“黑马”0.8。乌克兰“闪电”-2在最新的升级中，除了完善飞行控制系统、无线电通信和视频传输系统，还引入了诺达动力公司的“黑马”来作为末端制导系统。

九 | 而厂商闪电公司宣称，升级后的“闪电”-2无人机的成本预计为900美元。这标志着，让乌克兰“闪电”在与俄罗斯“闪电”-2的“价格战”中略胜一筹，也意味着俄乌战场上“AI无人机”的“成本线”进一步被拉低。乌克兰的“梦想”4.5.0无人机，也使用了“黑马”作为末端制导设备。

十 | 这些性能与日俱增、成本不断下降的“AI无人机”正在给俄乌战场和未来的战争带来怎样的变化呢？这个问题的答案众说纷纭，也充满着无尽想象空间。而纳扎尔·比贡的那句“我认为我们创造了一个怪物”，虽不是这个问题的答案，但已足够充满警示意味。文案：郑宇航排版：蓝风编审 | 监制：武晨、王兰看航空融媒体工作室出品返回，查看更多。

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