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Years of war, rise in terrorism led to the current Israel-Hamas conflict, experts say_我的网站

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A | The origin of the bloody conflict happening in Gaza and Israel is complicated given the long, disputed history of the region, according to experts who have spent decades studying the region.As the attacks continue in both countries, the experts fear that any attempts at truly achieving peace between the Palestinians and Israelis may have been pushed back heavily.Susannah Heschel, the chair of the Jewish Studies Program at Dartmouth University, who has written several books about this region, told ABC News that the conflicts run deep and as far back as the Middle Ages, but specifically, the most modern clashes have stemmed from the fallout of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war.

On ABC News Live at 8:30 pm on Thursday, Oct. 12, ABC News' James Longman, Matt Gutman and Ian Pannell look at the horrendous toll from Hamas' massacre, the Israelis and Palestinians caught in the middle and what comes next.

The war, known in Israel as the Six-Day War, ended with Israel gaining control of several territories, including the Gaza Strip, and that has led to the violence and political fallout that has befallen the area currently, Heschel, the school's Eli M. Black Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies, said."What we are seeing today is the consequence of that war, or how the various parties to that war …responded to the end," she told ABC News.Following its battles with Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan, Israel touted its swift victory and new territory, which included lands with long historical significance to Israeli Jews, Heschel, who is teaching a course on the war this semester, said.At the same time, Israel had to deal with an influx of Arabs who now lived under its control, and the retaliation from the neighboring countries who still disputed Israel's claims over the land, she said."The question is, was that victory in fact in some way not a victory? Because the consequence of it was an enormous headache for Israel," Heschel said.Israel has been the target of several military excursions by the nations in that war, particularly Egypt, to try and regain some of that land including during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, known in Israel as the Yom Kippur War. Egypt would eventually regain the Sinai Peninsula in 1982, following an agreement it signed with Israel three years prior.Gaza, however, remained under Israeli control and tensions continued to flare between Palestinians and Israelis who had begun constructing settlements in the region.The tensions came to a turning point in 1987 during the First Intifada, or "uprising," when Palestinians started to violently rebel against Israeli forces and civilians. It was during this time that Hamas emerged and began to stage violent strikes against Israeli forces.Chuck Freilich, a former deputy national security adviser in Israel and long-time senior fellow at Harvard's Kennedy School, told ABC News that Hamas' stance is simply to "wipe Israel off the map," and it has suppressed anyone within the Palestinian community who doesn't adhere to that."It's not a question of recognition," he said.By the time the Intifada ended in the early 90s, over 1,000 people had been killed, and Gaza was left in ruin from the fighting.Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization would eventually agree to the Oslo Accords in 1993 which granted Palestinians the right to self-government.Heschel said the treaty was a good start but leaders on both sides could have done more to decrease the tensions and violence.Freilich said that the Palestinian Authority, which governed Gaza and continues to govern the West Bank, did try to crack down on terrorism alongside the Israeli government, but it was not always successful and groups like Hamas continued to incite and inflict violence on Israel.In 2000, a Second Intifada began, and hundreds more were hurt and killed in the violent protests. Five years later, the Israeli government voted to withdraw from Gaza and then-Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon expelled 9,480 Jewish settlers from 21 settlements from the region."That withdrawal of the Jewish settlements left some Israeli Jews with the resentment that inflames them to this day," Heschel said.A 2006 election where Hamas became Gaza's leading party has led to increased violence, and a decline in economic resources for its people, as Israel and other nations cut off support. Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade on the coastal strip, which continues to this day."It's unfortunate that Hamas came into power. It's not supported by the majority of the people," Heschel said.Hamas, which contends it is resisting Israel’s oppression of Palestinians, continued to attack Israel in the subsequent years with rockets, kidnappings and other violence leading to major military action by Israel in 2008, 2012, and 2014."It's part of a long-term campaign to repeatedly weaken Israel with conflict after conflict," Freilich said.Freilich added that the recent turmoil within the Israeli government, from its multiple elections in the last six years to the recent turmoil over the changes to its judicial changes, have left Israeli leaders fractured."Their attention was diverted…and we saw the results on Saturday," he said.Last week's attack by Hamas that has killed over 900 Israeli citizens and wounded over 2,300 was unprecedented and puts the region in "uncharted territory," Heschel said.This is the first time in 50 years that civilians were attacked on Israeli soil and it will only lead to more devastation and destruction for both sides, according to the professor."What Hamas did was not to the benefit of the people of Gaza," Heschel said. "Everyone knows, anybody knows and Hamas certainly knew, that in attacking Israel and inflicting so much destruction and murder on Israeli civilians that there would be retaliation."Heschel and Freilich said that it is impossible to determine the long-term ramifications of Hamas' attack and Israel's retaliation, but said that both sides will be living in fear as the violence escalates."To even think that Israel would think at this point that Israel would include a peace process with [Hamas] is totally unrealistic," Freilich said.Even though emotions are high and there is still violence likely to continue for the foreseeable future, Heschel, insisted that Israeli and Palestinian leaders needed to push back against Hamas and its influence and really take time to work out the decades-festering issue over the land."Let's…try to think in clear terms about what we can do for the future so that things can get better," she said. "What's the strategy? Not the strategy for the moment but the strategy for 10, 20, 30 years from now. How can we get there?"。本报讯《日报》全媒体记者薛利超报道近日，省商务厅公布省级夜经济街区认定结果，经企业自主申报、各市商务局初审推荐、专家组评审、商务厅网站公示、商务厅党组会审议，最终认定10条街区为省级夜经济街区。

B | 其中，我市建昌县中心农贸市场夜经济街区成功入选。夜经济是衡量地区经济活力的重要指标，也是一地文化软实力的重要体现。近年来，我市坚持把发展夜经济作为促进消费、扩大就业、提升居民生活品质的重要抓手，通过打造多元业态、强化文化特色、完善服务功能，创建一批特色突出的夜间消费示范商业街。2023年，我省认定了第一批20家省级夜经济示范街区，龙港区兴宫中街步行街位列其中。每当华灯初上，此次入选的建昌县中心农贸市场夜市流光溢彩、人头攒动。满街飘香的美食，吸引大批市民前来“大快朵颐”。各式特色美食摊位前也是人气爆棚，气氛热烈。摊主们忙得不亦乐乎，吆喝声此起彼伏，大家在这里尽享美食盛宴，感受小城的“热辣滚烫”。

C | 夜市上不仅有小吃美食，还有热热闹闹的民俗高跷秧歌和文艺演出等。

D | 市民们逛夜市、品小吃、看演出，惬意十足。建昌县中心农贸市场夜市不仅丰富了群众夜间生活，更点燃了城镇经济发展的引擎，成为新的消费增长点。据悉，我省将指导省级夜经济街区加强改造创新，推进商旅文体健融合，创新打造多元化消费新场景，培育消费新业态，提升街区品牌，强化街区服务，发挥带动作用，把夜经济街区打造成为辽宁促消费的重要载体和消费前沿，大力发展首发经济。

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